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src="http://pgg.people.com.cn/s?z=people&c=59&_people=jl" charset="gbk"></script> </div>  <div id="7tt1rvrt1t" class="layout route cf" id="rwb_navpath"> <a class="clink">人民網(wǎng)</a>>><a href="http://pjyfjz.com/" class="clink">吉林頻道</a> </div>  <div id="7tt1rvrt1t" class="layout rm_txt cf"> <div id="7tt1rvrt1t" class="col col-1 fl"> <h3 class="pre"></h3> <h1 id="newstit">地鐵火災(zāi)，我們?cè)撊绾翁由?/h1> <h4 class="sub"></h4> <div id="7tt1rvrt1t" class="author cf"></div> <div id="7tt1rvrt1t" class="channel cf"> <div id="7tt1rvrt1t" class="col-1-1 fl"> 2024年12月06日11:06 | </div> <div id="7tt1rvrt1t" class="col-1-2 fr"> <span id="7tt1rvrt1t" class="rm_type"><img src="/img/2020wbc/imgs/icon_type.png" alt=""><i>小字號(hào)</i></span> </div> </div> <div id="7tt1rvrt1t" class="rm_txt_con cf"> <div id="7tt1rvrt1t" class="bza"><span></span><p></p></div> <div id="7tt1rvrt1t" class="box_pic"></div> <p style="text-indent: 2em;">地鐵已逐漸成為大城市里的一種重要交通工具，客流量大，人員集中，一旦發(fā)生火災(zāi)，極易造成群死群傷的嚴(yán)重后果。地鐵本身獨(dú)有的特點(diǎn)決定了，一旦起火容易造成火勢(shì)的蔓延擴(kuò)大和有毒濃煙的產(chǎn)生，這是由于地鐵列車內(nèi)的車座、頂棚及其他裝飾材料，大多是可燃材料，有些塑料、橡膠等新型材料不僅易燃而且在燃燒時(shí)會(huì)產(chǎn)生毒性氣體。這些可燃物起火后，由于地下供氧不足，往往處于不完全燃燒狀態(tài)，煙霧濃，發(fā)煙量大，加上地鐵的出入口少，大量煙霧只能從一、兩個(gè)洞口向外涌，與地面空氣對(duì)流速度慢，并且地下洞口存在“吸風(fēng)”效應(yīng)，向外洞口擴(kuò)散的煙霧，部分又從洞口被卷吸進(jìn)去，特別是火災(zāi)的初期階段火勢(shì)不甚猛烈時(shí)，這種現(xiàn)象尤為顯著。</p> <p style="text-indent: 2em;">地鐵內(nèi)空間過大，火災(zāi)報(bào)警和自動(dòng)噴淋等消防設(shè)施配置不完善，一旦起火，地下電源可能會(huì)被切斷，通風(fēng)空調(diào)系統(tǒng)失效，失去了通風(fēng)排煙作用。大量有毒煙霧和黑暗環(huán)境給疏散和救援工作造成困難。</p> <p style="text-indent: 2em;">如此可怕的地鐵火災(zāi)，如果遇上了，我們?cè)撊绾翁由?/p> <p style="text-indent: 2em;">1.要有逃生的意識(shí)。乘客進(jìn)入地鐵后，一定要對(duì)其內(nèi)部設(shè)施和結(jié)構(gòu)布局進(jìn)行觀察，熟記疏散通道安全出口的位置。</p> <p style="text-indent: 2em;">2.要及時(shí)報(bào)警?？梢岳米约旱氖謾C(jī)，也可以按動(dòng)地鐵列車車廂內(nèi)的緊急報(bào)警按鈕。在兩節(jié)車廂連接處，均貼有紅底黃字的“報(bào)警開關(guān)”標(biāo)志，箭頭指向位置即是緊急報(bào)警按鈕所在的位置。</p> <p style="text-indent: 2em;">3.要做到撲火自救。發(fā)現(xiàn)火情后，除了及時(shí)報(bào)警外，要尋找附近的滅火器材進(jìn)行滅火，力求把初起之火控制在最小范圍內(nèi)，并采取一切可能的措施將其撲滅。滅火器位于每節(jié)車廂兩個(gè)內(nèi)側(cè)車門的中間座位之下，上面貼有“滅火器”標(biāo)志。乘客旋轉(zhuǎn)拉手90度，就可以開門取出滅火器。</p> <p style="text-indent: 2em;">4.如果火勢(shì)蔓延，乘客無(wú)法進(jìn)行滅火自救，這個(gè)時(shí)候應(yīng)保護(hù)好自己，有序進(jìn)行安全逃生。將老、弱、婦、幼等社會(huì)弱勢(shì)人群先行疏散至安全的車廂。如初期火災(zāi)撲救失敗，應(yīng)及時(shí)關(guān)閉車廂門，防止火勢(shì)蔓延贏取逃生時(shí)間。</p> <p style="text-indent: 2em;">5.逃生時(shí)，應(yīng)采取低姿勢(shì)前進(jìn)（但不可匍匐前進(jìn)，以免貽誤逃生時(shí)機(jī)），不要做深呼吸，可能的情況下用濕衣服或毛巾捂住口和鼻子，防止煙霧進(jìn)入呼吸道。采取自救或互救手段疏散到地面、避難間、防煙室及其他安全地區(qū)。視線不清時(shí)，手摸墻壁慢慢撤離。</p> <p style="text-indent: 2em;">6.在逃生過程中要保持鎮(zhèn)定，不要盲目地相互擁擠和亂竄，要聽從地鐵工作人員的指揮和引導(dǎo)疏散。如果火災(zāi)引起停電，可按照應(yīng)急燈和疏散指示標(biāo)志的指示方向進(jìn)行有序逃生。萬(wàn)一疏散通道被大火阻斷，應(yīng)盡量想辦法延長(zhǎng)生存時(shí)間，等待消防隊(duì)員前來(lái)救援。</p> <p style="text-indent: 2em;">來(lái)源：吉林省科協(xié)</p><div id="7tt1rvrt1t" class="zdfy clearfix"></div><center><table border="0" align="center" 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